Fail-Safe by Default
The valve that closes itself. Not a clever feature — the minimum standard for any system that controls water near living things. If a microcontroller crashes mid-cycle and the irrigation solenoid stays open, a market garden can flood overnight. If a LoRaWAN connection drops after a valve opens and no close command ever arrives, the valve runs indefinitely. If a relay board loses power and restores its previous state on startup, it may turn on loads that should be off.
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